Discover the wines regions, subregions and grape varietals and wines of Argentina

about this region

Welcome to Argentina, the fifth-largest wine producer worldwide! Here, viticulture acts as a cornerstone of the nation's economy, contributing substantially to its economic stability and growth. The industry's influence is far-reaching, with Argentine wines being exported to 127 countries, showcasing the country's viticultural excellence on a global scale. The United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Brazil, and the Netherlands are among the top importers, reflecting the wide-ranging appeal and recognition of Argentine wines.

At the heart of the Argentina wine country is the Malbec grape, which has become emblematic of the country's winemaking identity. With Malbec vines accounting for 38% of all red grape cultivation in Argentina, it's clear that this variety has found a perfect match in the Argentine terroir. This has enabled the country to produce wines that are not only of superior quality but also possess a unique character that distinguishes Argentine Malbec on the international stage. The success of Malbec has further fueled the global fascination with Argentine wines, underscoring the nation's pivotal role in enriching the wine world with flavors that resonate with wine enthusiasts everywhere.

Through strategic cultivation practices, investment in quality, and a deep understanding of the global market, Argentina has solidified its reputation as a leading wine-producing country. Its commitment to excellence is evident in every bottle, making Argentine wine a cherished commodity for connoisseurs and casual drinkers alike. The country's wine industry continues to captivate wine lovers around the world, further cementing Argentina's position as a viticultural powerhouse.

Most Common Grapes from Argentina

Argentina, a true wine jewell of South America, has a focus on grape varieties that have adapted uniquely to the country's diverse climatic and geographical landscapes of the three argentinian wine regions (Patagonia and Atlantic region, the North and Cuyo).

Most Common Red Grapes

Malbec: Malbec has found its perfect home in the high-altitude vineyards of Mendoza, where the intense sunlight and cool nights bring out the best in this grape. The dry climate helps to reduce the risk of diseases, and the deep, well-drained alluvial soils provide an ideal foundation for developing the strong, robust vines that Malbec requires to produce concentrated and complex grapes. In addition to Mendoza, other regions such as Buenos Aires also grow this beloved grape variety.
Bonarda: Thriving in the same regions as Malbec, Bonarda prefers a warm climate with plenty of sunshine to fully ripen its fruits. It is less demanding in terms of altitude but requires fertile, well-drained soils to prevent water retention which can dilute the grapes' flavors. Its resilience makes it well-suited for various microclimates within Argentina.
Cabernet Sauvignon: This grape demands more heat than Malbec and thrives in well-exposed vineyard sites that offer a longer growing season. The regions of Mendoza and San Juan provide the intense heat and significant diurnal temperature variation necessary for Cabernet Sauvignon to develop its thick skin and tannic structure, crucial for the aging potential of the wines.
Syrah: Syrah is adaptable to a variety of climatic conditions but performs best in warm, sunny environments where it can achieve optimal ripeness. In Argentina, it is often planted in regions that provide sufficient heat with controlled water availability to stress the vines just enough to enhance the concentration and complexity of the fruit.

Most Common White Grapes

Pedro Giménez: Notably different from its namesake Pedro Ximénez of Spain, this white grape is less demanding and can thrive in a variety of soil types. It prefers a warmer climate which helps maintain high yields. Its versatility makes it popular for bulk wine production, requiring less specific viticultural care compared to more delicate white varieties.
Torrontés: Torrontés excels in the cool, high-altitude vineyards of Salta where the thermal amplitude (difference between day and night temperatures) is significant. This grape variety requires good exposure to sunlight to develop its distinctive aromatics but also benefits from cooler nights that preserve the grape’s natural acidity, a critical balance for maintaining its vibrant character.
Chardonnay: Chardonnay in Argentina adapts well to cooler growing conditions, found in the southern regions of the country like the Uco Valley of Mendoza. It requires well-drained, fertile soils to prevent water stress and benefits from cooler temperatures which slow the ripening process, allowing for a gradual development of sugars and acids, which is key to achieving balance in the wines.‍
Cereza: Cereza, a white grape variety with pink skin, is well-suited to the hot, arid conditions of Argentina, particularly in regions like San Juan and eastern Mendoza. It has adapted over centuries to produce high yields under these challenging conditions, with irrigation playing a crucial role in its cultivation. The grape's prolific nature has historically contributed to its widespread planting, although its acreage has seen a decline in recent years. Cereza requires careful management to balance its natural vigor with the production of quality fruit, necessitating specific vineyard practices to control yield and ensure the health of the vine. Its ability to produce large berries with light, pink skins has made it a versatile choice for producing deeply colored white and rosé wines intended for early consumption.

Each of these grape varieties contributes uniquely to the tapestry of Argentine wines, shaped profoundly by their specific climatic and agricultural needs. Understanding these requirements helps in appreciating the diverse and exquisite wines that Argentina brings to the global stage.

Most Common Wines from Argentina

Nestled between the rugged Andes and the expansive Pampas, Argentina is a treasure trove of vinicultural wonders, celebrated for its rich tapestry of wines. This country's vineyards produce not just quantities but qualities that resonate deeply with both novices and connoisseurs. Here's a heartfelt journey through the most beloved red and white wines of Argentina, showcasing the unique character and rich flavors that define each variety.

Most Common Red Wines

Malbec: Argentina’s pride, Malbec, paints the glass with deep hues of violet and offers a symphony of flavors—from ripe blackberries and juicy plums to luxurious black cherries. These wines are a staple in Mendoza, where the high altitude blesses the grapes with robust tannins and the promise of longevity. Malbec is more than just a wine; it’s a narrative of Argentine passion and prowess in winemaking.
Bonarda: Often in the shadow of Malbec, Bonarda shines with a lighter touch, offering a dance of cherry and plum flavors wrapped in a velvety texture. It’s a wine that invites you to relax, perfect for unwinding after a long day or complementing a casual meal with friends.
Cabernet Sauvignon: Argentine Cabernet Sauvignon brings its own drama to the stage with bold flavors of black currant and a hint of green bell pepper, rounded out by a peppery finish. It's a structured and powerful wine that commands attention and respect, much like the landscapes from which it hails.
Syrah: The dark and mysterious Syrah from the warmer pockets of Argentina offers a spicy, smoky experience that’s robust and meaty. It’s perfect for pairing with the country’s famed barbecues, capturing the essence of Argentine zest and zeal.
Merlot: Gentle and less tannic, Merlot is the approachable face of Argentine reds. With its soft textures and hints of black cherry, it’s a wine that promises comfort and invites conversation, making it a beloved choice for family gatherings.

Most Common White Wines

Torrontés: The floral and zesty Torrontés could be considered the white jewel in Argentina 's viticultural crown. Thriving in the high elevations of Salta, it bursts with vibrant floral aromas and crisp citrus flavors, bringing a splash of freshness to any occasion.
Chardonnay: Chardonnay in Argentina is a chameleon, adapting from crisp and mineral in the cool vineyards to rich and creamy in warmer areas or when kissed by oak. Its versatility makes it a favorite among those who enjoy a spectrum of flavors from a single grape.
Cereza: A humble yet heartwarming wine, Cereza is cherished for its light body and subtle, sweet notes of cherry and red fruits. It’s a wine of the people, accessible and unpretentious.

Besides these wines, there is also a growing interest among consumers in low alcohol and non alcoholic wines, that lead to the regulation of the production of these wines in 2024.

Sustainability

Argentina's wine industry is not only flourishing in terms of production and international acclaim but also in its commitment to sustainable winemaking practices. Over the past 15 years, the country has witnessed remarkable progress in this area, marking a significant shift towards sustainability. According to LETIS, a prominent certifying company, the expansion of certified organic vineyards is a testament to this transformation. From a modest 273 hectares in 2005, the certified organic vineyard area has skyrocketed to an impressive 7,312 hectares by 2020, representing a staggering 25-fold increase.

Moreover, the proactive measures taken by associations like Bodegas de Argentina further underscore Argentina's dedication to sustainability. The introduction of the Wine Sustainability Self-Assessment Protocol in 2011 has empowered wine companies to attain organic certification, particularly crucial for exporting to countries with stringent standards. This initiative not only ensures compliance with international regulations but also enhances Argentina's reputation as a leader in environmentally conscious winemaking.

In addition to industry-led initiatives, government bodies have also played a pivotal role in promoting sustainability within the wine sector. The Secretariat of Environment and Sustainable Development's launch of a sustainability guide tailored for small wineries exemplifies this commitment. By providing practical guidelines and support, this initiative aims to assist small-scale producers in optimizing their processes and achieving greater sustainability.

These collective efforts underscore Argentina's unwavering dedication to responsible and eco-friendly winemaking practices. As the industry continues to evolve, sustainability will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone, ensuring the preservation of Argentina's rich viticultural heritage for generations to come.

History of the Region

Argentina's illustrious journey in winemaking traces its roots back to 1551 when Spanish settlers first introduced Vitis Vinifera grape varieties to the fertile lands of the country. This historic moment marked the inception of Argentina's viticultural heritage, laying the foundation for centuries of winemaking excellence. Since then, the industry has undergone remarkable evolution and growth, shaped by a myriad of historical, economic, and legislative factors.

Between 1850 and 1880, Argentina's wine industry experienced a period of transformative growth propelled by various catalysts. The development of the railway network facilitated efficient transportation of grapes and wines across the vast expanse of the country, opening up new markets and expanding the industry's reach. Additionally, the influx of immigrants, particularly from European wine-producing regions, infused Argentina's winemaking scene with diverse expertise and traditions, enriching its vinicultural landscape. Concurrently, supportive laws and financial incentives, including loans for winemakers and the establishment of the first Agricultural School, provided essential resources and knowledge to propel the industry forward.

The latter half of the 20th century witnessed pivotal developments that further propelled Argentina's wine industry onto the global stage. The establishment of the National Institute of Viticulture (INV) in 1959 served as a cornerstone in the industry's institutional framework, fostering research, education, and quality control initiatives to enhance wine production standards. Moreover, the enactment of the General Law of Wines N° 14.878 in the same year marked a significant milestone, as it formally recognized wine as a 'food,' affirming its cultural and economic significance within Argentine society.

The 1990s marked a watershed moment for Argentina's wine industry as it emerged as a formidable player in the international wine market. Armed with a renewed focus on quality and innovation, Argentine winemakers began producing exceptional wines that garnered widespread acclaim. This newfound recognition catapulted Argentina into the global spotlight, solidifying its position as a premier wine-producing nation. With a commitment to excellence and a rich tapestry of tradition and innovation, Argentina continues to captivate wine enthusiasts worldwide with its distinctive wines that reflect the unique terroir and spirit of the land.

In essence, Argentina's winemaking journey is a testament to resilience, ingenuity, and passion, woven into the fabric of its cultural heritage. From humble beginnings to global prominence, the country's wine industry embodies the essence of Argentine identity, inviting wine lovers on a sensory journey through centuries of tradition and innovation. As Argentina's winemakers continue to push boundaries and redefine standards, the legacy of their craft endures, inspiring generations to come.